Open Letter to Khosa

srvjIq isMG

amrjIq isMG Kosf jI df lyK, "BfeI kfnH isMG jI nfBf dsm-gRMQ bfry" piVaf ijs ivwc aKoqI dsm gRMQ dI mhfnqf nMU ibafn krn leI BfeI kfnH isMG nfBf jI dI mhfn ikRq gurmq mfrqMz df hvflf idqf hY. ieh sfbq krn dI asPl koisLsL kIqI hY ik BfeI kfnH isMG nfBf jI vI dsm gRQ dy AupfsLk sn. gurmq mfrqMz (Bfg dUjf) ivwc dsm gRQ vfry pMnf 567 qoN 570 qwk vyrvf drj hY pr hYrfnI hoeI ik ikvyN ivdvfn lyKk amrjIq isMG Kosf ny afpxI loV muqfbk Aus ilKq ivwco iewk-iewk ,do-do pMgqIaF nMU cwk ky Aus ilKq dy asl mwksd nMU ivgfVn df koJf jqn kIqf hY.

BfeI kfnH isMG nfBf jI dIaF iLlKqF Kfs krky mhfn kosL aqy gurmq mfrqMz nMU dyK ik hYrfnI hMudI hY ik ikvy Aus mhfn LsKsLIaq ny ies kfrj nMU nypry cVfieaf hovygf, jdo ik awj vrgy afvfjfeI aqy sMcfr dy sfDn vI nhI sn. iewk iewk awKr nfl sbMDq sfrI jfxkrI (cMgI-mfVI, swcI- JuTI, ieqhfsk-imQhfsk) nMU iekwTf krky drj kIqf hY. AuhnF df mwksd sfrI jfxkfrI nMU iekwqr krnf sI nFik Ausdy swcI hox qy mohr lfAuxf.

Blf Kosf jI jy koeI BfeI sfihb jI df hvflf dy ik ieh khy ik, sgr 7 sfl mfqf dy Audr ivwc irhf sI aqy Aus dy 60,001 pwuqr sn jF bRhmf df iewk idn aqy rfq 24 GMty df nhI sgo , 1728000+1296000+864000+432000¿2000¿365 ¿24= 75,686,400,000,000, GMty df hMudf sI jF hY qF afp jI df kI jvfb hovygf. afpxy ieqhfs ivco iek hor Audfhrx, bfbf guridqf jI dI jnm qrIk kwqk sudI 15 sMmq1670 drj kIqI hoeI hY. aqy bfbf sRI cMd dI moq dI qrIK 15 awsu 1669 hY aqy nfl hI ieh vI drj hY ik bfbf guridqf jI bfbf sRLI cMd jI dy cyly sn. hux Kosf jI ieh dwso ik sRI cMd dI moq qo 13 mhIny mgro jnm lYx vflf bfbf guridqf sRI cMd df cylf ikvy bx skdf hY 4 DUxIaf clfAux dI gwl qF Cwzo.

Blf Kosf jI jd afp jI tfeIp krn lwg hI pey sI qF pihly pihry nMU pUrf krn qoL pihlf hI, dUjy pihry nMU sLurU krn df kI kfrn sI? pNMnf 568 Aupr ilKy hoey vfry afp jI dy kI ivcfr hn kI ieh sLbd BfeI kfnH isMG jI dy ilKy hoey nhI? pMnf 569 AuprlIaf novI aqy dsvI pMgqI nMU tfeIp krn lwigaf afp jI dy hwQ ruk ikAu gey? pMnf 570 dy pihly pihry df lyKk kOx hY? dUijaf nMU kbfVIey iLlKx vfly, ivdvfn lyKk jI hux afp jI vfsqy ikhVf sLbd TIk rhygf? sLfied sfry pfTkf pfs gurmq mfrqMz nF hovy, Kosf jI inmrqf sihq bynqI hY ik BfeI kfnH isMG jI dI pUrI ilKq nMU dvfrf tfeIp krky Byjx dI Kycl krnI jI qF jo sfry pfTk Aus nMU pV skx.

copeI dy aMq ivwc ies dy spUrn hox dI qrIk 24 agsq 1696 idn aYqvfr ilKI hoeI hY aqy jy ies ivco 1699 ivwc bfxI pHVI geI sI qF ies gRMQ nMU gur gwdI ikAu nhI idqI geI jF ieh bfxI sRI guru gRMQ sfihb ivwc drj ikAu nhI kIqI geI? guru nfnk sfihb jI qo guru qyg bhfdr sfihb qwk sfrI bfxI nfnk nfm nfl ilKI geI hY, guru nfnk jI dI dsvI joq guru goibMd isMG jI Aupr vI Ausy juigq dI pfbMdI sI.

Llhxy dI PyrfeIaY nfnk dohI KtIaY| joiq Ahf juigq sfie sih kfieaF Pyir pltIaY] (966)

pr sfry dsm gRMQ ivwc nfnk nfm nhI imldf. vIr jI ieh sMLkF dUr kro ik guru goibMd isMG jI ny nfnk nfm nfl bfxI ikAu nhI AucfrI ?.

afp jI dy bcn: "AunHF qoN dsmysL-ikRq (dsm-gRMQ) bfry ieqnI vfkPI imlx qy BI agr kuwJ ku pMQ-mfrU aKOqI ivdvfnF dI aigafnqf krky jy iksy nUM koeI sLMkf rih jFdf hY, qF ies nUM bdnsIbI hI ikhf jf skdf hY."

asl vfkPI nMU qF afp jI lko hI gey ho! rhI gwl bdnsIbI dI, jdo afp jI vrgy ivdvfn sRI gurU gRMQ sfihb jI dI aimMRq meI bfxI nMU Cwz ky dsm gRMQ df pRcfr krdy hn aqy Aus gMd nMU gurU goibMd isMG jI dy pivwqr nfm nfl joV dy hn qF ies qo vwD hor bdnsIbI kI ho skdI hY. Kosf jI qusI sfbq kI krnf chuMdy ho? kI sRI gurU gRMQ sfihb jI sMpUrn nhI hn? kI sRI gurU gRMQ sfihb jI nMU gurgwdI gurU goibMd isMG jI ny nhI sI idwqI?

inmrqf sfihq bynqI hY ik jy ajy vI afp jI df koeI sLMkf hovY qF qusI guru gMRQ sfihb jI dI bfxI ivco koeI vI sLbd Byj skdy ho, dfs Aus dI ivafiKaf ilKygf. AupRMq quhfzy sRI dsm gRMQ sfihb jI ivco sLbd mY Byjfgf ijhVf mYnMU psMd hovygf Aus dI ivafiKaf afp jI krogy, pfTk jo vI PYslf krngy dfs nMU mnjUr hovygf, jy pfTkf df PYslf afp jI nMU vI mnjUr hovY qF sLbd Byjx dI Kycl krnI jI.

hoeIaf BwulF leI iKmf krnf jI

ipRMsIpl, zf[ amrjIq isMG jI ny afpxy lyK ivwc ieiqhfsk gRMQf df hvflf qF idWqf hY pr iksy gRMQ df nfm nhI iliKaf ky Auhnf hvflf pMgqIaF iks gRMQ ivco leIaF hn. pqf nhI ikAu? zf[ amrjIq isMG jI nMU qF pqf hI hY ik ieh pMgqIaF iks gRMQ ivwco hn, pfTkf dI jfxkfrI vfsqy bynqI hY ik ieh pMgqIaF gur iblfs pfqsLfhI 6 dy aiDafie pMjvF pMnF 120 AupWr drj hn

sRI gurU nfnk ko nmo qfih crn Auir Dfir.

kQf su pMcm iDafie kI brnn kroN apfr] 1]

ikRpf isMDu sRI siqgurU gur arjn suKKfn .

sbu ko inkit bulfie kY lfXo qbY dIvfn] 2 ]

gurdfs buwZf sB hI iekTfey . gur arjn qb bcn sunfey.

kho ivcfr sBY asQfnf . jhF igRMQ asQfpn Tfnf] 3]

bwuZy khf afip pRB jfno . quJ qy pRB jI kOn isafno.

sRI igRMQ lfiek drbfrf. aOr asQfn n koie murfrf ]4]

ieh suin sRI gur kIXo anMdf. mfno idKXo dUj ko cMdf.

sRI drbfr kI Aupm AucfrI. ieh sm nhI iqRlokI sfrI]5]

sm jhfj bin hY drbfrf . qrYN jIv BvisMDu apfrf.

inq nuqn mMgl iehF hovY . ieh drsLnu aG sgly KovY]6]

BUim sYn siB qhF ibrfjy . sRI igRMQ mMjI pir rfjy.

prI rYin idnpiq ar GfeI . nKXqRn soN imil soBf pfeI] 10]

jugl GrI inis jb rhI AuTy girU suK pfie.

sRI muiK qb afgXf krI clo sBY gux gfey ]19]

buwZy ko sRI guru khf sIs afpny Dfir.

guru igRMQ aiq pRym soN mn mY sLFiq ivcfr]20]

siq bcn buwZy muiK gfie guru igRMQ isir lXo AuTfie.

sRI gur cor afp kr DfrXo bjy sMK Duin vfr n pfrXo]21]

eyk GrI inis jb rhI sRI gur afgXf pfie.

sfihb buwZy adb soN KolXo igRMQ bnfie]25]

afip cOr sRI gur krq buwZy leI avfj.

eyk icq sMgiq sunY siB min sLFiq ibrfj]26]

aYs avfj igRMQ gur afeI . suin gurisK min anMd pfeI.

sMq ky kfrj afip KloXf. kfr¹ kZx ihiq kfmf hoaf]27]

(1 iks pRkfr pRBU imwtI kwZx leI afey)

zf[ amrjIq isMG jI, afp jI ilKdy ho, iek GVI rfq rihMidaF gurU jI dy hukm anusfr bfbf buWZf jI ny afid gurU gMRQ sfihb jI dI bIV df pRkfÈ krky AucI afvfË ivc jo hukmnfmf piVHaf, Aus df mUl pfT ieh hY :

sUhI mhlf 5 CMq sMqf ky kfrij afip Kloieaf hir kMmu krfvix afieaf rfm]

Driq suhfvI qflu suhfvf ivic aMimRq jlu Cfieaf rfm]

aMimRq jlu Cfieaf pUrn sfju krfieaf sgl mnorQ pUry]

jY jY kfru Bieaf jg aMqir lfQy sgl ivsUry]

pUrn purK acuq aibnfsI jsu vyd purfxI gfieaf]

apnf ibrdu riKaf prmysir nfnk nfm iDafieaf]

zf amrrjIq isMG jI afp jI dy muqfbk qF jo hukmnfvf afieaf sI Aus dI pihlI pfvn pMgqI, sMqf ky kfrij afip Kloieaf hir kMmu krfvix afieaf rfm]" sI pr asl ilKq ivwc qF pMgqI , "sMq ky kfrj afip KloXf. kfr kZx ihiq kfmf hoaf" hY dohF pMgqIaf dy pfT ivwc qF buhq aMqr hY ieh spwsLt kro ik asl iLlKq dy lyKk (koeI guMm nfm ivakqI, pMnf 59) ny ilKx ivwc glqI kIqI hY ,jF afp jI ny , " sMq ky kfrj afip KloXf" qo ieh aMdfjf lf ilaf ky Auprokq sLbd hI hovygf ikAuik pihlI pMgqI dy kuJ awKr rldy imldy hn. ieh imWtI kwZx vfsqy kOx afieaf hY qy imWtI ikWQo kwZI jf rhI hY? bfibE gl qF hukmnfvy dI cwl rhI hY.

pfTkF dI jfxkfrI vfsqy ieQy ieh dwsxf vI jrUrI hY ik ieh ikqfb guriblfs pfqsLfhI 6 nMU igafnI joigMdr isMG vydFqI aqy zf: amrjIq isMG ny gurU hrgoibMd sfihb jI dy 400 sflf pRfksL Auqsv dy sbMD ivwc buhq hI sKLq Gflxf qoN bfad sMpfdq kIqI sI (kfrj nMU arMB krn qoN pihlF ies gwl df iblkul boD nhI sI ik ieh kMm ihmflf prbq dI cotI nMU sr krn vFg buhq ibKVf hovygf. pMnf50, igafnI joigMdr isMG vydFqI aqy zf: amrjIq isMG ) aqy ies nMU Drm pRcfr kmytI (sLRomxI gurdvfrf pRbMDk kmytI ) ny pMQk srmfey nfl Cfipaf sI . ies ivwc pMQ dIaf mhfn hsqIaF ny hyT ilKy anusfr pRsLMsF pwqr ilKy hn.

(1)"ieiqhfsk syvf"(jQydfr rxjIq isMG jI)

(2) "sMdysL"(jQydfr gurcrn isMG tOhVf )

(3) "adWuqI syvf" (jQydfr BfeI mnjIq isMG jI)¹

(4) "guriblfs df sLuwD srUp (jQydfr BfeI kyvl isMG jI)

(5) "anUpm sugfq" (suKdyv isMG jI BOr)

(6) " sfihq qy smfj" (s: mnjIq isMG jI klkwqf )

(7) "do sLbd" ( ig: sMq isMG jI mskIn)

(8) "cmqkfrI ivafiKaf" (ig: jsvMq isMG jI kQfkfr )

(9) " sLlFGf Xog Audwm" (dlIp isMG jI mlU nMgl )

(10) "ieiqhfsk pusqkF dI pRkfsLnf sMbMDI sfzI ijMmyvfrI" (ig: joigdMr isMG qlvfVf )

(11) "cfr sLbd" ( s: nirMdr isMG jI soc )

(12) " gur iblfs dy sLwuD srUp df svfgq"(ig: blvMq isMG jI )

"afpdf myry sbMDI isMG sfihb igafnI joigMdr isMG jI dI sMpfidq ikqfb bfry ieljLfmF BrpUr iek hor pwqr awj pRfpq ho igaf. ahoBfg! gurmiq dy swc dy mfrg qoN sMsfr nMU jfxUM krfAx df dfavf krn vfly ivdvfn nMU krqf purK ny aYsy pwqr ilKx dI smrwQf bKsLI hoeI hY. swc dy mfrg df igafn rwKx vfly ivdvfn jIE! mYN Auprokq vFg iPr gurU nMU sfKsLI mMn ky swc ilK irhF ik mYN awj qwk isMG sfihb duafrf sMpfidq ies pusqk df iek vI aWKr nhIN piVHaf, ieh vI swc hY ik mYN iek vI swqr Aus pusqk sbMDI nhIN ilKI. isMG sfihb jI dy Pon myry kol afAuNdy rhy, pr suBfvk hI mYnMU kuJ ilKx df smF hI nhI bixaf, BfvyN gurU pfqsfLh ny bhuq sfrIaF pusqkF bfry muKbMD jF afpxI rfie ilKx df mOkf bKisLaf qy gurU dI bKisLsL kIqI quC ijhI buwDI rfhIN afpxy vwloN ilKdf vI irhf hF, pr ies vfr aYsf sMBv nhI sI ho sikaf. mYN ies pwKoN isMG sfihb jI koloN iKMmf jfcnf kr leI sI. AuprMq mYnUM isMG sfihb vwloN Pon qy ieqnf jLrUr dws idqf igaf sI ik asIN quhfzy vwloN kuJ awKr ilK idqy hn. mYN siqkfr qy apxwq ivc DMnvfd kr idqf sI. mYnMU aWj qwk nhIN pqf ik myry vwloN Aus pusqk ivc kI iliKaf igaf sI". (mnjIq isMG jQydfr 10-11-2000 )

(bfkI pRsMsf pwqrf vfry pfTk jI afp hI aMdfjf lgf lYxf)

"kuJ afpxy vlo" dy isrlyK hyT ilKy (pNMnf52) , aMq ivwc iek vfr muV gRMQ aMdr hoeIaF glqIaF nMU afpxy ijLMmy lYNdy hF ikAuik "Bulx aMdir sBu ko aBul gurU krqfr." ies leI smUh sMgq qy ivdvfnF pRqI bynqI hY ik rih geIaf AuxqfeIaF nMU iDafn ivc ilafAux vfly swjxf df DMnvfd kIqf jfvygf. jykr ies gRMQ dI gurduafiraF ivc muV kQf afrMB ho sky qF asI smJFgy ik kIqf kfrj sfrQk ho inbiVaf hY.

hsqfKr-ig:joigMdr isMG vydFqI gRMQI sRI hirmMdr sfihb aMimRqsr

zf: amrjIq isMG pRo: sLhId iswK imsLnrI kflj aMimRqsr

ig:joigMdr isMG vydFqI aqy zf: amrjIq isMG AupRokq ilKy anusfr , ies gRMQ ivclIaF byaMq gurimq ivroDI sfKIaF nMU jdo gurbKsL isMG kflfagfnf ny pMQ dy iDafn ivc ilafdf qF Aus df jo DMnvfd vydFqI jI ny kIqf hY Auh sfzy ieqhfs df kflf pMnf bx cuwkf hY.

zf: amrjIq isMG jI jd sLRomxI kmytI afpxI kIqI hoeI BuWl nMU mMndI hoeI quhfzy sMpfdq kIqy hoey gRMQ nM vfps lY cukI hY qF ies gurimq ivroDI gRMQ ivco hvfly iks dlIl nfl? jd ieh gRMQ vfps hI lY ilaf igaf hY qF ies ivc ilKy ieqhfs dI pRmfxkqf kI hY?

rcnf kfl vfry afp jI ilKdy ho , " guriblfs dy rcnf kfl sbMDI asI afK skdy hF ik asl ivc ies dI rcnf 1775 ib: nMU hoeI sI"( pMnf69-BUimkf) zf: amrjIq isMG jI ies gRMQ rcnf kfl 1775-57=1718 hY lyKk koeI gumnfm ivakqI hY . iliKaf jf irhf hY iewk sdI qo vI vwD pihlf vfprIaf Gtnfvf vfry, hoeI imlfvt vfry qusI afp hI BUimkf ivc mMn cuky ho, qF iPr ieh pMQ leI anUpm sugfq aqy quhfzy vlo kIqf igaf kukfrj sLlFGfXog Audm, ieqhfsk aqy aduqI syvf ikvy hoieaf?

awj asI ies gRMQ ivwc ilKy ieqhfs muqfbk gurU gRMQ sfihb jI df 400 sflf pRkfsL idhfVf mnF rhy hf, pr gurU arjn sfihb jI afpxI bfxI ivc ies nUM poQI ilKdy hn

sfrg mhlf 5 ] poQI prmysr kf Qfnu ] sfDsMig gfvih gux goibMd pUrn bRhm igafnu ]1] rhfAu ]

ieh vI scfeI hY ik ies poQI nMU gurU goibd isMG jI ny 1708 ivc gurU df drjf idqf sI ipRsIpl jI jy koeI quhfzf ividafrQI GtfE dy svfl nMU ies qrF hl kry ik 2004-1708 = 400 qF qusI Aus nMU pfs kro gy jF Pyl ? sfry gurU gRMQ sfihb jI ivc gRMQ sLbd nhI lwBdf, isrP iewk vfrI grMQ sLbd lwBdf hY "asMK grMQ muiK vyd pfT ]" zf: amrjIq isMG jI ies sfry azMbr ivwcoN bfdl dI hAUmy nMU pwTy pfAx qoN ielfvf koeI hor Tos pRfpqI hoeI hovy qF jfxkfrI dyx dI ikRpflqf krnI jI

pfTkf dI jfxkfrI vfsqy gur iblfs pfqsLfhI 6 dI iek hor vMngI!

zf: amrjIq isMG jI hyT ilKy vfry afp jI dy kI ivcfr hn kI ieh swc nhI hY ?. mfqf gMgf jI df bfbf bWuZf jI dI bIV qoN grBvqI ho ky afAuxf aqy afAux qy gurU arjn dyv vlo Dn dOlq dI vrKf krnf ,dsF mhIinaF ipCoN cqRBujI rwb jI df gurU hirgoibMd sfihb dy rUp ivc jnm lYxf, Bfv gurU hirgoibMd sfihb gurU arjn dyv jI dI ibMdI Aulfd nhI sn.

iqsI iCnk mfqf Audir kIno pAun invfs.

mfqf min hrKq BeI icq mY biZE hulfs]138 (pMnf15)

iqh avsr arjn gur , suin min Bey ikRpfl.

bfdr iQq brKf krI, dInn kIXo inhfl. 145(pMnf16)

dsm mfs bIqXo jbY suB gRh avsr pfie.

Cuqr Buj rUp bnfie pRB bYT mfq inkttfie]174]

sMmq sohr sY su bvMjf hfV iewkI inis afDI mMJf.

puK inCqR suB gRh suKdfeI ikRsLn pwk pRgty pRB afeI]175](pMnf19)

vydfqI jI, ies gRMQ dI kQf gurduvfiraf ivc krvfAuxI cfAudy hn , dlIp isMG mwlU nMgl sInIar mIq pRDfn sLo: gu: pR: kmytI pMnf 37 qy ilKdy hn , "afs hY ividafrQIaF qy KojafrQIaF leI lfhybMd sfbq hovygf. pr hYrfnI hoeI jdo vydfqI jI vlo zf: guirdMr isMG mfn nMU jfrI kIqf qfVHnf pwqr pwiVHaf , "ies qo ielfvf ividafrQIaf qy pfTkf nMU ajyhI ikqfb pHVn dI isLPfrsL krnf ijs ivwc bfbf buwZf jI qy guru arjn dyv jI dI pqnI mfqf gMgf Aupr inXog df ieljfm lfieaf hovy, aiq iGrxfjnk aqy inMdinX kfrj hY"

vydfqI jI nMU qF KusLI hoxI cfhI dI sI ik jo kQf Auh gurdvfiraf ivc krvfAuxI cfAudy hn Auh kQf qF hux bdysLI XUnIvrstIaf ivc sLrU ho geI hY . iknI hnyr grdI hY! ik jy gurbKs isMG kflfaPgfnf quhzy ilKy hoey nMU ,quhzy ilKy muqfbk guru gRMQ sfihb jI dI bfxI dI kwsvwtI qyN prK krky gurimq ivroDI sfbq krdf hY qF Auh dosLI, jy zf: guirdMr isMG mfn quhzy ilKy muqfbk quhfzI ilKq dI bdysLI XUnIvrstIaF ivc kQf krdf hY qF Auh vI dosLI!. ijhVf quhfzI ilKq df KMzn kry Auh vI dosLI aqy ijhV quhfzI ilKq df mMzn kry Auh vI dosLI ? pr vydFqI jI swicaF dy swcy. iehnNUM kihdy ny zfZy df swqI vIhI sO.

zf: amrjIq isMG jI, ikAuik gur iblfs pfqsLfhI 6 nMU sLo: gu: pRM: kmytI ny vfps lY ilaf hY ies leI ies ivc ilKy ieqhfs dI qF koeI mhwqqf nhI rih geI ,ieh qF ho igaf sLwkI! ies qo ielfvf sfzy kol ikhVf ieqhfsk vsIlf hY jo ieh sfbq kry ik ijhVI mrXfdf awj cwldI hY aqy ijs nMU purfqn mrXfdf ikhf jfdf hY ies nMU guru arjn sfihb jI ny hI clfieaf sI? bfkI ieiqhfsk gRMQ qF ies qNo ipCo (ies dI nkl mfr ky )hI ilKy gey hn , kI koeI gRMQ ies qo pihlf df iliKaf hoieaf vI hY jo pRclq purfqn mrXfdf nMU TIk sfbq krdf hovY? hux qwk quhfzf sMpfdq kIqf gRMQ ijMnf ku mY piVHaF hY ies ivco qF koeI sfKI gurimq anMUsfr nhI lwBI, jy afp jI iksy sfKI dI jfxkfrI dy sko ik ieh gurimq anMusfr hY qF afp jI df buhq DMvfdI hovfgf .

hoeIaf Bulf leI iKmf krnf jI

afdr sihq afp jI dy pwqr dI AuzIk ivc